Notes:

Alma Rosé left the Guadagnini behind when she fled the Nazi-occupied Netherlands in 1942. Later, she was captured by the Nazis... She died [in Auschwitz] in 1944. After the war, the instrument was returned to Alma's father, Arnold Rosé, who was in London. He sold the instrument to Hugh Gough, who later sold it to Felix Eyle. Eyle, who had studied with Arnold Rosé acquired the instrument in 1947, just before becoming a concertmaster at the Metropolitan Opera, where he played it until he retired in 1970.

"The sound is so heavenly, so gorgeous and powerful, that it goes through anything," Eyle once said of the violin. And there was indeed a bold strength to Ms. Kramer's sound, allowing it to stand up to Mr. Over's full-throated playing in the Franck Sonata and in Brahm's Scherzo for the "F-A-E" Sonata.

A Violinist Is Enhanced By a Violin With a History, James R. Oestreich, New York Times, Dec 5, 2000, The New York Times, New York